The synagogue’s building was founded by a family of Jewish industrialists – the Cytron family, it was made available to public use in 1936.

The synagogue’s interior was richly decorated with decorative moulding made of exotic wood with predominance of plant and zoomorphic motifs. The building served sacred purposes until the liquidation of the Białystok ghetto, and next, after the war – until the end of the 1960s – it was a meeting place and a burial house.

During the renovation conducted at the end of the 1970s, the wooden coffer ceiling with polychrome at its borders was destroyed, just like the remaining decorations. At present the building serves as a center of art workrooms, art galleries and the Municipal Museum.